منابع مشابه
spermicide use and pregnancy outcome
the relation between periconceptional vaginal permicide use and sex ratio at birth, birth weight, and the frequency of congenital anomalies was examined in a cohort of 2,712 new york city obstetric patients, 149 of whom (5.5 per cent) became pregnant while using spermicides or had used spermicides before and after conception. periconceptional spermicide use was not associated with any important...
متن کاملthe effects of integrative vs. instrumental motivation, learning strategy use and gender on iranian efl learners’ language proficiency
this study was carried out to investigate the effects of integrative vs. instrumental motivation, learning strategy use and gender on iranian efl learners. to this end, 120 efl learners both male and female majoring in english language and literature at shiraz university participated in the study. in order to conduct this study three instruments were used: oxford quick placement test, motivatio...
15 صفحه اولAre there alternatives to nonoxynol-9 spermicide?
You're certainly not alone in your interest of this method. Spermicide is a popular option for birth control because it is easily accessible, simple to use, and provides added lubrication. Results from recent scientific studies for newer alternatives look promising, but more research is still needed. Some of the new ingredients being studied that may be able to function as spermicide (and provi...
متن کاملAF-2364 is a prospective spermicide candidate.
AbstractInhibition of sperm motility has recently become a promising target for male contraceptive development. AF-2364, an analogue of Lonidamine (LND), had a contraceptive effect when orally administered to adult Sprague-Dawley rats. LND can also target mitochondria to inhibit oxygen consumption and block energy metabolism in tumour cells. However, there are no reports of the effects of AF-23...
متن کاملAssociation between use of spermicide-coated condoms and Escherichia coli urinary tract infection in young women.
Diaphragm/spermicide use increases the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI). To determine whether spermicide-coated condoms are also associated with an increased risk of UTI, the authors conducted a case-control study at a large health maintenance organization in Seattle, Washington. Cases were sexually active young women with acute UTI caused by Escherichia coli, identified from computerized ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: American Journal of Public Health
سال: 1988
ISSN: 0090-0036,1541-0048
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.78.9.1242-b